Educational Wealth

3rd Solved assighnment - code 437 aiou Spring 2020

Abdullah 0 437, aiou, solved assignments, spring 2029 Monday, July 27, 2020

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<span style="color: #0c343d;"><i>3rd  Solved assighnment - code 437  aiou Spring 2020</i></span></h2>
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  <b>Q:1  </b><b>Al Mukhtasar Al qadoori kay babu salat ki roshni main Namaz</b></h3>
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<b>          punj gana.......................</b></h3>
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<b>Q: 2  Bab sharoot ul salat awr bab suft u salat ka khulasa.........................</b></h3>
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  <b>Q: 3 Al Mukhtasar Al qadoori kay bab ul jamait ka khulasa................</b></h3>
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  <b>Q: 4  Bab salat ul aideen awr bab salat ul Janair............................</b></h3>
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<b>Q: 5  Bab salat ul Mareez awr bab salat ul musafir.............................</b></h3>
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<b>for solved Assignments spring 2020 click on this link</b></h2>
<b>                             <a href="https://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2020/05/solved-assignments-spring-2020-all-codes.html">  Solved assignments spring 2020</a></b><br />
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<b>for solved assignments of Past semesters   click on these links</b></h2>
<b>                              <a href="https://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2019/10/solved-assignments-autumn-2019-aiou-all.html"> Solved Assignments autumn 2019</a></b><br />
<b>                           <span style="color: blue;">  <a href="https://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2019/07/solved-assighnments-spring-2019-aiou.html"> <span style="color: #660000;"> Solved Assignments spring 2019</span></a></span></b><br />
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<span style="color: #0c343d;"><i> </i></span></h2>
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3rd Solved assighnment - code 437 aiou Spring 2020

3rd Solved assighnment - code 437 aiou Spring 2020 Q:1 Al Mukhtasar Al qadoori kay babu salat ki roshni main Namaz punj...

2nd solved Assignment aiou code# 437 spring 2020

Abdullah 0 437, aiou, solved assignments, spring 2029 Monday, July 27, 2020

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<span style="color: #0c343d;"><i>2nd  Solved assighnment - code 437  aiou Spring 2020</i></span></h2>
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  Q: 1 Babul broslita ka khulasa lkhuy awr as bab ki Hadees N 2 awr 3 ka trjmo awr tsshri lkhin.<br />
Ans:<br />
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<span style="color: red;">Q: 2   Babul gazab walgbr............................................</span></h3>
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<span style="color: red;"><b>Q: 3 Babul Aslam ki hadees 2.............................</b></span><br />
Ans:<br />
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<span style="color: red;"><b>Q: 4 Bab Hifzul Insan....................................</b></span><br />
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Q:5 Mukhtaser jawab dain<br />
Ans<br />
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2nd solved Assignment aiou code# 437 spring 2020

2nd Solved assighnment - code 437 aiou Spring 2020 Q: 1 Babul broslita ka khulasa lkhuy awr as bab ki Hadees N 2 awr 3 ka trjmo awr...

1st solved Assignment aiou code# 437 spring 2020

Abdullah 0 aiou, autumn 2019, pakistan study, solved assignments Monday, July 27, 2020

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1st solved Assignment aiou code# 437  spring 2020<br />
1st  Solved assighnment - code 437  aiou Autumn  2019<br />
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Q: 1 Surah Al Imran Ayat No. 33 to 37 ka lufzi turjma kerain<br />
Ans:<br />
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Q: 2 Wafd Nijran ki Amad awr un say muqalma awr dawat Mubahla ka Hal  likhiay.<br />
Ans: <br />
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Q: 3 Surah Al Imran ki Ayat No 55 to 68 ka lufzi turjma likhain<br />
Ans:<br />
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Q: 4 Surah Al Tmran ki Ayat 83 to 85 ka mtalia kr kay Islam deen kainat awr deen Insaniat pe nmufasal note likhain<br />
Ans:<br />
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Q: 5 In ayat ka terjma awr teshreeh likhain<br />
Ans:<br />
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1st solved Assignment aiou code# 437 spring 2020

1st solved Assignment aiou code# 437 spring 2020 1st Solved assighnment - code 437 aiou Autumn 2019 Q: 1 Surah Al Imran Ayat No. 33...

1st solved Assignment aiou code#8665 spring 2020

Abdullah 1 aiou, autumn 2019, pakistan study, solved assignments Wednesday, July 22, 2020

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<h2 dir="rtl" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: blue;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Course:
Ideological Foundations of Pakistan (9352) </span></span></h2>
<h2 dir="rtl" style="tab-stops: 27.0pt right 5.5in; text-align: justify;">
Level: B.S.
Pakistan Studies<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">  (8665)       </span>Semester: spring 2020 </h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="tab-stops: 27.0pt right 5.5in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                                                                                                                      </span>Total
Marks: 100</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="tab-stops: 27.0pt right 5.5in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                                                                                                                      </span>Pass
Marks: 50</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">ASSIGNMENT No. 1</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">(Unit
1-5)</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.1<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Critically evaluate the history of Muslim rule in India. How far
Muslim rulers tried to develop harmony and understanding with their Hindu
subject? Discuss in the light of prescribed study material.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">         </span>(20)</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.2<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Examine the role of caste system in Hinduism. Was it possible for
the Hindus to outgrow their caste system? Discuss.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">                          </span>(20)</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.3<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>How far do you think Hinduism as a body of ideas allows contacting
with members of other faiths? Discuss the ideas which describe the Hindu Social
system even more important than the system itself.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">  </span>(20)</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.4<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Critically examine the Muslim community is different in texture
and outlook from Hindu community. Discuss in the light of Percival Spear’s
observation in the prescribed study material.<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;">                             </span>(20)</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.5<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Identify the salient features of Shah Waliullah’s political
philosophy.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">         </span>(20)</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">                                               </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 27.35pt 3pt 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.1<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Critically evaluate the history of Muslim rule in India. How far
Muslim rulers tried to develop harmony and understanding with their Hindu
subject? Discuss in the light of prescribed study material.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">         </span>(20)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ans</span></div>
</div>
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: purple; font-size: large;">Q.2
   Examine the role of caste system in Hinduism. Was it possible for the
 Hindus to outgrow their caste system? Discuss.                         
 (20)</span></h3>
Ans: <br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #3d85c6;">India’s Caste System</span></h3>
For
 generations of Indians, the ancient code of social stratification known
 as the caste system has defined how people earn a living and whom they 
marry. Despite reform efforts, deep-rooted prejudices and entitlement 
hold firm among higher castes. while those on the lowest rungs still 
face marginalization, discrimination and violence.<br />
India;s 
government has a strategy that purports to look beyond caste and focus 
on improving the lot of all Indians. His approach has won overwhelming 
backing from voters. but critics say it risks exacerbating the plight of
 the most disadvantaged.<br />
Seven decades ago, the founders of 
postcolonial India outlawed caste discrimination and enshrined 
affirmative action in the constitution. <br />
It included 
reserving government jobs and places in higher education for Dalits — a 
group at the bottom rung of the caste system who now number more than 
200 million. Yet caste remains a significant factor in deciding 
everything from family ties and cultural traditions to educational and 
economic opportunities, especially in small towns and villages.<br />
Most 
menial jobs are carried out by Dalits; few office jobs are. Hate crimes<a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/65-of-hate-crimes-against-dalits-amnesty/article26440412.ece"> </a>against
 Dalits have proliferated in recent years, prompting criticism of the 
ruling  Janata Party for allegedly stoking social divisions. The party 
is the natural home for Hindu hardliners, some of whom have attacked 
Muslims for eating beef and lower-caste Hindus over their links to the 
beef trade. <br />
Dalits have taken to the streets by the tens of 
thousands to demand protection of their rights. Yet, for the second 
straight election, India;s government led the BJP to a resounding 
victory in 2019, even securing a larger share of Dalit votes. Parties 
with policies aimed in particular at promoting lower castes were 
trounced, as India;s government’s appeal to a common Hindu heritage 
trumped caste consciousness. <br />
While there’s disagreement over its 
origins, the caste system was formalized in a legal treatise called 
Manusmriti, dating from about 1,000 B.C. The text defined karma 
(actions) and dharma (duty) for Hindus, who today represent 80% of 
India’s population. In it, society was divided into four strictly 
hierarchical groups known as varnas: the Brahmins priests and other 
intellectuals at the top; then the warriors; then the Vaishyas, or 
traders; and lastly the Shudras, those who did menial labor. The texts 
laid down laws on marriage, property and even food. For instance, if a 
Brahmin consumed food prepared by a Shudra, he’d be born a pig in his 
next life. <br />
The system has since evolved to include some 3,000
 castes and 25,000 subcastes. Over time, as social segregation and caste
 prejudice deepened, another layer of Shudras emerged at the base of the
 pyramid: Dalits, meaning “divided, split, broken, scattered” in 
classical Sanskrit. Not only were they barred from sharing food with or 
marrying people from higher castes, some couldn’t even brush the shadow 
of a Brahmin. They got their other name “untouchables” because their 
mere touch could supposedly defile. Not all of them are Hindu; Dalit 
Muslims, many descended from lower-caste Hindus who converted to Islam 
in an effort to escape the repression of the caste system, continue to 
face prejudice from  Hindus .India;s government stated aim is to make 
traditional castes irrelevant. He says there are now just two castes: 
the poor and those who will contribute to eradicating poverty. It’s a 
message that resonates with voters desperate for faster progress in a 
country where salaries are less than one-quarter of those in China. 
Skirting the issue of caste, India;s government s critics say, risks 
allowing prejudice to fester and violence against Dalits and Muslims to 
thrive. The strategy may also mask the economic plight of lower castes.<br />
A study in 2018 by the Paris School of Economics concluded that
 they were failing to close the gap with other groups,  means they’re 
likely to fall further behind. Numerous studies point to entrenched 
caste prejudice in rural India, yet there are signs of change as more 
Indians move to cities and younger people show greater tolerance. While 
just 5% of Indian marriages are between different castes, a study in 
2019 identified a “generational shift” in attitudes, with almost a 
quarter of profiles on matrimonial websites showing an openness to 
inter-caste marriage.<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: purple; font-size: large;"><i>Q: 3  How far do you think Hinduism as a 
body of ideas allows contacting with members of other faiths? Discuss 
the ideas which describe the Hindu Social system even more important 
than the system itself.  </i></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
          Ans:<img loading="lazy" src="https://p.olok.in/pafd462962bc5cdd08160e9838fcf82060k.png" /><span style="color: #274e13;"><b> <br />What
 Is Hinduism's Relationship With Other Religions?</b></span></h3>
Hinduism originated 
among Aryan from Central Asia, who brought it to the Indus 
Valley around 1500 B.C. While most modern followers reside in India or 
Nepal, the religion migrated throughout Southeast Asia. Hinduism has influenced and
 interacted with most major religions. In some cases Hinduism has even 
adapted the deities of other cultures into its pantheon. <br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
 <span style="color: blue;">Buddhism and Hinduism </span></h4>
Based
 on the teachings of the  Shakyamuni, Buddhism began in northern 
India,  by some accounts. Like Hinduism, Buddhism is a 
Dharmic religion, and both believe in a cycle of reincarnation, based on one's actions in life. The goal of Buddhism, however, 
is to escape this cycle by reaching enlightenment and freedom. Hindus may achieve the same through spiritual 
growth, which allows followers to divorce themselves of ego and become 
one with the god Brahman. <br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
 <span style="color: red;">Hinduism and Christianity </span></h4>
Hinduism 
accounts for a huge pantheon, sometimes absorbing deities from other 
traditions such as Christianity. Most of Hinduism's gods are believed to
 be incarnations, of three primary gods: Brahma the Creator,
 Vishnu the Preserver and Shiva . This allows Hindus 
flexibility when they gain knowledge of other deities.<br />
 According to the 
Hindu pries, Ishu, one of Vishnu's avatars, "was 
born in a cowshed, was visited by three holy men, performed many amazing
 miracles, walked on water and spoke a wonderful sermon on a mountain." 
Some Hindus choose to worship the Jesus-like Ishu as their primary god, 
though they still maintain belief in other members of the Hindu 
pantheon. Others, particularly the members of the outcast Dalits, choose to convert to Christianity entirely as a means of 
removing the social stigma of their status at birth. <br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
 <span style="color: red;">Hinduism and Islam </span></h4>
Islam
 was introduced to India by the Ummayad Dynasty of Caliphs in the 700s. 
Today it is the second-largest religion in India;  
Muslims make India their home. Dalits in particular are drawn to Islam 
to escape the stigma of being "untouchable," though they may also 
convert to Christianity, Buddhism or  to accomplish this. Muslims and Hindus sometimes ignite violent, deadly conflicts,
 and India also has a history of contention with Islam-majority nations 
like Pakistan and Bangladesh. Relations between these countries, have thawed in recent years due to improved 
diplomacy. <br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
 <span style="color: red;">Sikhism and Hinduism</span></h4>
Sikhs are the 
majority population in the region of Punjab, India, though in India as a
 whole, they represent only 1.9 percent of the population. Sikhism is 
monotheistic, viewing God as a genderless, ubiquitous, benevolent, 
invisible force. Sikhs believe time is cyclical rather than linear and, 
like Hindus, they believe in the concepts of Dharma and Karma, but they 
do not have a caste system. Despite some similarities, Sikhs consider 
themselves ethnically and culturally distinct from Hindus. Violent 
conflicts have erupted between members of the two<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: purple;"><i>Q:4  <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Critically examine the Muslim community is different in texture
and outlook from Hindu community. Discuss in the light of Percival Spear’s
observation in the prescribed study material.<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span></span></i></span></span></h3>
Ans:<br />
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="color: purple;">Q: 5  <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Identify the salient features of Shah Waliullah’s political
philosophy.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">A</span></span>ns:  <br />
Shah
 Walliullah was a great Muslim reformist of 18th century . He was a 
brilliant thinker and scholar with critical insight of political 
scenario .  He worked for the betterment and true education of Muslims 
on right Islamic norms.<br />
 At that time in the Muslims after ruing 
India magnificently were going to lose power. The decline of Muslim rule
 in India had already begun . Muslims were being exploited at every 
facet of life. In order to bring Muslims  on right path and help them 
Shah Walliullah worked really hard.<br />
 He was born on 21st February 
1703 in Delhi and  died in 1762. His father was a famous religious 
personality at that time .His name was Abdur Rahim .He was a famous 
educationist who was running a Madrasah called Madrasah –i-Rahimiyah.<br />
Shah
 Walliullah got his early education under his well educated father who 
taught him well and he was also enrolled in Naqshbandiyya Sufi order to 
enrich his spiritual insight. Soon he got permission to teach at 
father’s Madrasah, where he continued teaching for next 12 years. In 
1730 he got a chance to go to Mecca where he performed pilgrimage and 
got lucky to get education from the leading Muslim scholars of that 
time.<br />
It was a time when a new thought got roots in his mind that 
the position and predicament of Muslims at home was overwhelming. That 
it was a time for Muslims of India to adopt true spirit of Islam, This 
is because of their religious decline Muslims of India were facing 
decline in social, political. And economic aspects as well. Shah 
Walliullah decided to take a lead and started working to show Muslims 
actual spirit of Islam in rational manner.<br />
 He contributed 
literary fields as well like; in 1738 he translated Quran into Persian 
despite of opposition he faced by orthodox Ulemma.  worked to bring 
together Shiites and Sunnis and Ulemma and Sufis. Shah Walliullah 
proposed ways like Ijtihad in Islam and denounced blind Taqlid.<br />
 Shah
 Walliullah believed in grooming of Muslims as a society and educated 
them to live up as a society in which economic and social justice would 
prevail. He educated Muslims of India to emancipate Muslim society from 
economic injustices and social biases.<br />
Shah Walliullah wrote almost 50 books on various subjects he trained a group of Ulemma to spread the true knowledge of Islam.<br />
 Shah
 Walliullah opened many branches of his school in Delhi to spread his 
school of thought. His versatility was his main asset; he worked on 
every prospected field which could raise the standard of Muslims as a 
nation or individual entity.<br />
 Shah Walliullah laid the foundations
 of all political, religious, and intellectual movements which would 
initiate in Indian sub-continent by Muslims in future.<br />
 Shah 
Walliullah was an authentic theologian and scholar of Islam; he had 
great understanding of Quran and Hadith. He also gave many economic 
theories which gave reasons which became the cause of decline of 
Muslims.  Politically Shah Walliullah was a vibrant personality.  He ran
 an indigenous political movement of its kind in India.<br />
Shah 
Walliullah tried to unite Muslims as a single entity. His main political
 agenda was a retain Mughal Empire; he became the cause to invite Ahmad 
Shah Abdali to India in order to fight Marathas who were undermining 
Mughal rule at that time.<br />
 Thought his efforts to maintain Muslim 
rule in India did not capitalize but it would provide an insight for 
future political, intellectual and religious movements in India.<br />
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<b>for solved Assignments spring 2020 click on this link</b></h2>
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<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<b>for solved assignments of Past semesters   click on these links</b></h2>
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1st solved Assignment aiou code#8665 spring 2020

Course: Ideological Foundations of Pakistan (9352) Level: B.S. Pakistan Studies (8665) Semester: spring 2020 ...

1st solved Assignment aiou code#9352 spring 2020

Abdullah 0 aiou, autumn 2019, pakistan study, solved assignments Wednesday, July 22, 2020

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 dir="rtl" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: blue;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Course:
Ideological Foundations of Pakistan (9352) </span></span></h2>
<h2 dir="rtl" style="tab-stops: 27.0pt right 5.5in; text-align: justify;">
Level: B.S.
Pakistan Studies<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">                  </span>Semester:
Autumn, 2019</h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="tab-stops: 27.0pt right 5.5in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                                                                                                                      </span>Total
Marks: 100</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="tab-stops: 27.0pt right 5.5in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                                                                                                                      </span>Pass
Marks: 50</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">ASSIGNMENT No. 1</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="tab-stops: 27.0pt right 5.5in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">(Unit
1-5)</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.1<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Critically evaluate the history of Muslim rule in India. How far
Muslim rulers tried to develop harmony and understanding with their Hindu
subject? Discuss in the light of prescribed study material.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">         </span>(20)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.2<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Examine the role of caste system in Hinduism. Was it possible for
the Hindus to outgrow their caste system? Discuss.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">                          </span>(20)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.3<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>How far do you think Hinduism as a body of ideas allows contacting
with members of other faiths? Discuss the ideas which describe the Hindu Social
system even more important than the system itself.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">  </span>(20)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.4<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Critically examine the Muslim community is different in texture
and outlook from Hindu community. Discuss in the light of Percival Spear’s
observation in the prescribed study material.<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;">                             </span>(20)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.5<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Identify the salient features of Shah Waliullah’s political
philosophy.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">         </span>(20)</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">                                               </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 27.35pt 3pt 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 27.35pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -27.35pt;">
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.1<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Critically evaluate the history of Muslim rule in India. How far
Muslim rulers tried to develop harmony and understanding with their Hindu
subject? Discuss in the light of prescribed study material.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">         </span>(20)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ans</span></div>
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: purple; font-size: large;">Q.2   Examine the role of caste system in Hinduism. Was it possible for the Hindus to outgrow their caste system? Discuss.                          (20)</span></h3>
Ans: <br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #3d85c6;">India’s Caste System</span></h3>
For
 generations of Indians, the ancient code of social stratification known
 as the caste system has defined how people earn a living and whom they 
marry. Despite reform efforts, deep-rooted prejudices and entitlement 
hold firm among higher castes. while those on the lowest rungs still 
face marginalization, discrimination and violence.<br />
India;s 
government has a strategy that purports to look beyond caste and focus 
on improving the lot of all Indians. His approach has won overwhelming 
backing from voters. but critics say it risks exacerbating the plight of
 the most disadvantaged.<br />
Seven decades ago, the founders of 
postcolonial India outlawed caste discrimination and enshrined 
affirmative action in the constitution. <br />
It included 
reserving government jobs and places in higher education for Dalits — a 
group at the bottom rung of the caste system who now number more than 
200 million. Yet caste remains a significant factor in deciding 
everything from family ties and cultural traditions to educational and 
economic opportunities, especially in small towns and villages.<br />
Most 
menial jobs are carried out by Dalits; few office jobs are. Hate crimes<a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/65-of-hate-crimes-against-dalits-amnesty/article26440412.ece"> </a>against
 Dalits have proliferated in recent years, prompting criticism of the 
ruling  Janata Party for allegedly stoking social divisions. The party 
is the natural home for Hindu hardliners, some of whom have attacked 
Muslims for eating beef and lower-caste Hindus over their links to the 
beef trade. <br />
Dalits have taken to the streets by the tens of 
thousands to demand protection of their rights. Yet, for the second 
straight election, India;s government led the BJP to a resounding 
victory in 2019, even securing a larger share of Dalit votes. Parties 
with policies aimed in particular at promoting lower castes were 
trounced, as India;s government’s appeal to a common Hindu heritage 
trumped caste consciousness. <br />
While there’s disagreement over its 
origins, the caste system was formalized in a legal treatise called 
Manusmriti, dating from about 1,000 B.C. The text defined karma 
(actions) and dharma (duty) for Hindus, who today represent 80% of 
India’s population. In it, society was divided into four strictly 
hierarchical groups known as varnas: the Brahmins priests and other 
intellectuals at the top; then the warriors; then the Vaishyas, or 
traders; and lastly the Shudras, those who did menial labor. The texts 
laid down laws on marriage, property and even food. For instance, if a 
Brahmin consumed food prepared by a Shudra, he’d be born a pig in his 
next life. <br />
The system has since evolved to include some 3,000
 castes and 25,000 subcastes. Over time, as social segregation and caste
 prejudice deepened, another layer of Shudras emerged at the base of the
 pyramid: Dalits, meaning “divided, split, broken, scattered” in 
classical Sanskrit. Not only were they barred from sharing food with or 
marrying people from higher castes, some couldn’t even brush the shadow 
of a Brahmin. They got their other name “untouchables” because their 
mere touch could supposedly defile. Not all of them are Hindu; Dalit 
Muslims, many descended from lower-caste Hindus who converted to Islam 
in an effort to escape the repression of the caste system, continue to 
face prejudice from  Hindus .India;s government stated aim is to make 
traditional castes irrelevant. He says there are now just two castes: 
the poor and those who will contribute to eradicating poverty. It’s a 
message that resonates with voters desperate for faster progress in a 
country where salaries are less than one-quarter of those in China. 
Skirting the issue of caste, India;s government s critics say, risks 
allowing prejudice to fester and violence against Dalits and Muslims to 
thrive. The strategy may also mask the economic plight of lower castes.<br />
A study in 2018 by the Paris School of Economics concluded that
 they were failing to close the gap with other groups,  means they’re 
likely to fall further behind. Numerous studies point to entrenched 
caste prejudice in rural India, yet there are signs of change as more 
Indians move to cities and younger people show greater tolerance. While 
just 5% of Indian marriages are between different castes, a study in 
2019 identified a “generational shift” in attitudes, with almost a 
quarter of profiles on matrimonial websites showing an openness to 
inter-caste marriage.<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: purple; font-size: large;"><i>Q: 3  How far do you think Hinduism as a 
body of ideas allows contacting with members of other faiths? Discuss 
the ideas which describe the Hindu Social system even more important 
than the system itself.  </i></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
          Ans:<img loading="lazy" src="https://p.olok.in/pafd462962bc5cdd08160e9838fcf82060k.png" /><span style="color: #274e13;"><b> <br />What
 Is Hinduism's Relationship With Other Religions?</b></span></h3>
Hinduism originated 
among Aryan from Central Asia, who brought it to the Indus 
Valley around 1500 B.C. While most modern followers reside in India or 
Nepal, the religion migrated throughout Southeast Asia. Hinduism has influenced and
 interacted with most major religions. In some cases Hinduism has even 
adapted the deities of other cultures into its pantheon. <br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
 <span style="color: blue;">Buddhism and Hinduism </span></h4>
Based
 on the teachings of the  Shakyamuni, Buddhism began in northern 
India,  by some accounts. Like Hinduism, Buddhism is a 
Dharmic religion, and both believe in a cycle of reincarnation, based on one's actions in life. The goal of Buddhism, however, 
is to escape this cycle by reaching enlightenment and freedom. Hindus may achieve the same through spiritual 
growth, which allows followers to divorce themselves of ego and become 
one with the god Brahman. <br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
 <span style="color: red;">Hinduism and Christianity </span></h4>
Hinduism 
accounts for a huge pantheon, sometimes absorbing deities from other 
traditions such as Christianity. Most of Hinduism's gods are believed to
 be incarnations, of three primary gods: Brahma the Creator,
 Vishnu the Preserver and Shiva . This allows Hindus 
flexibility when they gain knowledge of other deities.<br />
 According to the 
Hindu pries, Ishu, one of Vishnu's avatars, "was 
born in a cowshed, was visited by three holy men, performed many amazing
 miracles, walked on water and spoke a wonderful sermon on a mountain." 
Some Hindus choose to worship the Jesus-like Ishu as their primary god, 
though they still maintain belief in other members of the Hindu 
pantheon. Others, particularly the members of the outcast Dalits, choose to convert to Christianity entirely as a means of 
removing the social stigma of their status at birth. <br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
 <span style="color: red;">Hinduism and Islam </span></h4>
Islam
 was introduced to India by the Ummayad Dynasty of Caliphs in the 700s. 
Today it is the second-largest religion in India;  
Muslims make India their home. Dalits in particular are drawn to Islam 
to escape the stigma of being "untouchable," though they may also 
convert to Christianity, Buddhism or  to accomplish this. Muslims and Hindus sometimes ignite violent, deadly conflicts,
 and India also has a history of contention with Islam-majority nations 
like Pakistan and Bangladesh. Relations between these countries, have thawed in recent years due to improved 
diplomacy. <br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
 <span style="color: red;">Sikhism and Hinduism</span></h4>
Sikhs are the 
majority population in the region of Punjab, India, though in India as a
 whole, they represent only 1.9 percent of the population. Sikhism is 
monotheistic, viewing God as a genderless, ubiquitous, benevolent, 
invisible force. Sikhs believe time is cyclical rather than linear and, 
like Hindus, they believe in the concepts of Dharma and Karma, but they 
do not have a caste system. Despite some similarities, Sikhs consider 
themselves ethnically and culturally distinct from Hindus. Violent 
conflicts have erupted between members of the two<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: purple;"><i>Q:4  <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Critically examine the Muslim community is different in texture
and outlook from Hindu community. Discuss in the light of Percival Spear’s
observation in the prescribed study material.<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span></span></i></span></span></h3>
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="color: purple;">Q: 5  <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Identify the salient features of Shah Waliullah’s political
philosophy.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span></span></span></i></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">A</span></span>ns:  <br />
Shah Walliullah was a great Muslim reformist of 18th century . He was a brilliant thinker and scholar with critical insight of political scenario .  He worked for the betterment and true education of Muslims on right Islamic norms.<br />
 At that time in the Muslims after ruing India magnificently were going to lose power. The decline of Muslim rule in India had already begun . Muslims were being exploited at every facet of life. In order to bring Muslims  on right path and help them Shah Walliullah worked really hard.<br />
 He was born on 21st February 1703 in Delhi and  died in 1762. His father was a famous religious personality at that time .His name was Abdur Rahim .He was a famous educationist who was running a Madrasah called Madrasah –i-Rahimiyah.<br />
Shah Walliullah got his early education under his well educated father who taught him well and he was also enrolled in Naqshbandiyya Sufi order to enrich his spiritual insight. Soon he got permission to teach at father’s Madrasah, where he continued teaching for next 12 years. In 1730 he got a chance to go to Mecca where he performed pilgrimage and got lucky to get education from the leading Muslim scholars of that time.<br />
It was a time when a new thought got roots in his mind that the position and predicament of Muslims at home was overwhelming. That it was a time for Muslims of India to adopt true spirit of Islam, This is because of their religious decline Muslims of India were facing decline in social, political. And economic aspects as well. Shah Walliullah decided to take a lead and started working to show Muslims actual spirit of Islam in rational manner.<br />
 He contributed literary fields as well like; in 1738 he translated Quran into Persian despite of opposition he faced by orthodox Ulemma.  worked to bring together Shiites and Sunnis and Ulemma and Sufis. Shah Walliullah proposed ways like Ijtihad in Islam and denounced blind Taqlid.<br />
 Shah Walliullah believed in grooming of Muslims as a society and educated them to live up as a society in which economic and social justice would prevail. He educated Muslims of India to emancipate Muslim society from economic injustices and social biases.<br />
Shah Walliullah wrote almost 50 books on various subjects he trained a group of Ulemma to spread the true knowledge of Islam.<br />
 Shah Walliullah opened many branches of his school in Delhi to spread his school of thought. His versatility was his main asset; he worked on every prospected field which could raise the standard of Muslims as a nation or individual entity.<br />
 Shah Walliullah laid the foundations of all political, religious, and intellectual movements which would initiate in Indian sub-continent by Muslims in future.<br />
 Shah Walliullah was an authentic theologian and scholar of Islam; he had great understanding of Quran and Hadith. He also gave many economic theories which gave reasons which became the cause of decline of Muslims.  Politically Shah Walliullah was a vibrant personality.  He ran an indigenous political movement of its kind in India.<br />
Shah Walliullah tried to unite Muslims as a single entity. His main political agenda was a retain Mughal Empire; he became the cause to invite Ahmad Shah Abdali to India in order to fight Marathas who were undermining Mughal rule at that time.<br />
 Thought his efforts to maintain Muslim rule in India did not capitalize but it would provide an insight for future political, intellectual and religious movements in India.<br />
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<b>for solved Assignments spring 2020 click on this link</b></h2>
<b>                             <a href="https://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2020/05/solved-assignments-spring-2020-all-codes.html">  Solved assignments spring 2020</a></b><br />
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<b>for solved assignments of Past semesters   click on these links</b></h2>
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1st solved Assignment aiou code#9352 spring 2020

Course: Ideological Foundations of Pakistan (9352) Level: B.S. Pakistan Studies Semester: Autumn, 2019 ...

2nd solved Assignment aiou code#8665 Spring 2020

Abdullah 0 8665, aiou, autumn 2019, B.ED, pakistan study, solved assignments Wednesday, July 22, 2020

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<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Course:
Ideological Foundations of Pakistan (8665) </span></span>

</h2>
<h2 style="tab-stops: 27.0pt right 5.5in; text-align: justify;">
Level: B.S.
Pakistan Studies<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">              </span>Semester: Spring 2020</h2>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                                                                                                       </span>Total
Marks: 100</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">                                                                                                          </span>Pass
Marks: 50</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #20124d;"><i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">ASSIGNMENT No. 2</span></b></i></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">(Unit
6-9)</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Total
Marks: 100<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">                                                                             </span>Pass
Marks: 50</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.1<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Why did Allama Iqbal consider European nationalism not relevant
and suited to the case of Islam? What meaning did Allama Iqbal attributed to
the concept of nationalism in the Islamic concept? Discuss.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">     </span>(20)</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.2<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Keeping in view Allama Iqbal’s Allahabad address, discuss the
intellectual contents of Allama Iqbal’s demand for a separate Muslim state.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">                                                            </span>(20)</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.3<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Discuss the factors for Quaid-i-Azam’s rejection of “Indian
Nationalism”.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(20)</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.4<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Why did Quaid-i-Azam demand the division of the Indian subcontinent
and the establishment of an independent Muslim state?<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">      </span>(20)</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Q.5<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">   </span>Highlight the salient features of Lahore Resolution.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">                                     </span>(20)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">                                                                              Q:1</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> Q:2</span><br />
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Q:3   <span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Discuss the factors for Quaid-i-Azam’s rejection of “Indian
Nationalism”.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ans: </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">                                                                                Q:4</span><br />
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                                                                        Q: 5<br />
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<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: blue;"><b>Solved Assignments spring 2020</b></span></h2>
<b> for solved assignments spring 2020 click on this link</b><br />
<b>                             <a href="https://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2020/05/solved-assignments-spring-2020-all-codes.html">  Solved assignments spring 2020</a></b><br />
<b>for solved assignments of Past semesters   click on these links</b><br />
<b>                              <a href="https://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2019/10/solved-assignments-autumn-2019-aiou-all.html"> Solved Assignments autumn 2019</a></b><br />
<b>                           <span style="color: blue;">  <a href="https://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2019/07/solved-assighnments-spring-2019-aiou.html"> <span style="color: #660000;"> Solved Assignments spring 2019</span></a></span></b></div>
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2nd solved Assignment aiou code#8665 Spring 2020

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