Educational Wealth

My first day at college

Abdullah 0 essay Saturday, August 16, 2014

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My first day at college </h2>
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Outlines </h2>
1-Introduction.  
2-The school life had bored me.  
3-Ragging by the seniors.  
4-The lecturers either gossiped or did not come to the class.  
5-The charms of the college life seemed to be losing their
glamour.
6- Everything seemed to be quite odd.  
7- Conclusion. 
 Dreams of the future are always more beautiful and charming than the realities today. As soon as I appeared in the matric examination I started thinking of free, independent and interesting life of the college.  
My elder brother used to tell me that life in a college is more a fun than a serious effort to get education. A college is a place for making friends and for chalking out. program to go to the picture or to picnics.' When ever the teachers talk of
Examinations and tests, strikes are organized.  
This description of the college life was in sharp contrast to the schools life which! had seen for 12 years. So called discipline for the school had bored me and
the attitude of teachers in making us to feel that they know
everything upon earth had developed a positive hatred for the school life. That is why I was dreaming of the college life.  
The first day at the college was considered to be an important one because there used to be ragging in the college. The seniors would make the new comers to indulge in strange actions. So the seniors had worked out their own strategies and we had decided to act together. 
 So as we entered the college we met a few seniors who were approaching us with an air of superiority. They asked us to stop but we paid no attention. They were larger in number so they made us to subdue immediately.  
Then they asked us to do strange things like singing ridiculous songs and doing monkey pranks. The sense of self-dignity in me did not allow me to act according to their wishes till they forced me to obey their orders. 
 I felt a little humiliated but took it sportingly. Later on we came across a few more groups of the seniors but we were able to outwit them somehow or other.
We went to the lecture room and mistaking it for a school we observed some rules of decorum. 
As soon as the teacher entered we stood up and greeted him. But we found a strange smile on the face of the teacher and it made us to think that we have not acted properly. The teacher did not teach for some time and indulged in general gossip.  
It was quite amusing and there was no strain upon our mind. After some time we moved to another room and we waited there for near about 20 minutes but no teacher turned up. 
 In fact it was a problem to know to which room were we to move. There was nobody to guide us and we were terribly afraid of asking the seniors. After the second bell somebody told us that the classes were over.  
As soon as I moved out of the room I started thinking that in the colleges perhaps there is no regular teaching work. We also heard some of the seniors saying that their courses have not been finished and they do not know which books were to be studied by them. This made me think that school life was better where we were forced to work.  
The college seemed to have lost charm which I have been associating with the college life. The very first day of the college was a disappointing day because I did not believe in wasting time unnecessarily.</div>
I had carried a few books with me but could not make use of them. Most of the seniors had neither pen nor paper with them. No one was talking of studies; they were talking of film heroes and heroines.  
They seemed to be more interested in fashions than in books. Some of them were smoking out their time in the canteen. All this seemed quite odd.
We' were supposed to attend only three periods; jn one period the teacher gossiped whereas no teacher turned up during the other two periods. 
 1 felt a bit bored. I felt that life at the college is all play and no work but that is also not good for a healthy outlook. Thus the first day at the college gave me a complete idea of the life over there. It is meaningless arid uninteresting. 
 At this age if person does not work one is bound to suffer throughout. This was lurking in my mind when I took crowded bus home.
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My first day at college

My first day at college Outlines 1-Introduction. 2-The school life had bored me. 3-Ragging by the seniors. 4-The lecturers ...

Higher education

Abdullah 0 essay Saturday, August 16, 2014

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Higher education  
OUTLINES  
1-Introduction.  
2-General aim of education.  
3-Planning Higher Education for today and tomorrow.  
4-Need for integrated course of studies.  
5-Development character and personality.  
6-The sixties are more than ever the age of further education  
we need to train youths for the technological way of life and an understanding of its impact on the humanities. This type of education, apart from providing immense opportunities, also poses challenges for the future.  
The object of education, in general, is to enable individuals to be fuller and society to be richer. Education must be constantly adaptable to new conditions, need and discoveries. It must provide for all. 
 While planning for higher education, we should if found necessary sidestep the burden of custom, and free our outlook from the shackles of traditionalism so as to would our universities to the needs of today and tomorrow.  
This must be a continuous process from earliest childhood to maturity.
In one respect this would break away from the old-type of departmental specialization which often ended with a student knowing a great deal about his own subject but very little about anything related to it. 
 We cannot ignore the fact that specialization is necessary in a complex, modern society, but synthesis the bringing together of subjects so that we can perhaps find an underlying pattern in them -- is just as necessary. To achieve this, it would be useful to follow an integrated course of study, giving time for students to pursue their specialized subjects for half the period of any course, and then allowing them to study with their fellow students in related subjects for threats of the period. Such a course would make their specialized learning meaningful. It might even turn experts into wise men.
Any system of learning which strives only to stuff individuals with knowledge will fall short of the broad aims of education.
One of the cardinal aims of education should be development of character and personality. For this students should be trained to think and judge independently, and to broaden their vision so as to understand, appreciate and accommodate opposing views. Most important of all. they should be trained to take a genuine interest in the life at surrounds them and to show a keen desire to contribute to its improvement.  
This spirit of social obligation and readiness to sink personal and group activities in the common good of a larger whole, should be developed in full in the individuals.  
Education, in short, should be designed to produce a people capable of concessive action to identify their collective interests and to act in furtherance of them. 
 A fitting epitome to the aims of higher education is the remarks by a great personality in a take on “The state and Higher Education" that you (the students) have to work on yourselves to

build, on the foundations of our peculiar endowment, a harmonious, stable and sensitive character.  
This character you will harness to some of the higher values of life, that is, more than the merely personal. It will transform you into a moral personality. For individuality though character to personality is the destiny of a worth while human life.” This should be the goal of higher education.
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Higher education

Higher education OUTLINES 1-Introduction. 2-General aim of education. 3-Planning Higher Education for today and tomorrow. 4-Need ...

College liberaries

Abdullah 0 essay Saturday, August 16, 2014

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College liberaries  
Outlines  
1-Introduction.  
2-Libraries afford  
3-opportunities to form reading habits.  
4-Help to develop initiative and self reliance.  
5-Libraries form a bridge between the outside life and adult
5-interests of the students.  
6-A fountain of discovery and inspiration.  
7. Conclusion  
That libraries play a vital part in furthering educational aims undeniable. libraries are increasingly becoming an integral part of college everywhere. A college library performs a great many functions.
Without doubt, as an effective instrument of learning, it could be directed towards definite educational aims. The most important function of the library is that it provides an excellent opportunity to develop reading habits in students.  
This is a vital and effective step in the fulfillment of educational aims because without reading there is little learning. By developing the reading habit the child's vision is broadened and his knowledge is widened, thereby enriching his life.
College libraries enable students to develop their initiative and self-reliance.  
In using the facilities of the library students begin to learn many things from books without depending on guidance from the teacher. This type of training is very valuable and essential in after-college life because education does not end on leaving college. Education is a life-long process.  
We have to learn many things by living and growing up in society. It is here that the qualities of initiative and self-reliance prove to be a great asset to an individual.
College libraries break down barriers existing among various school objects.  
By wider. reading the students begin to discover the interrelation of different subjects. In this respect the college library acts as an integrating factor. 
Students begin to understand the general process of learning.  
A proper understanding of the interrelation of subjects makes students appreciate the necessity for learning many different subjects. 
 A student who is apt in a particular subject has the opportunity of increasing his knowledge of it by further reading in a well-stocked school library, even if a detailed knowledge of the subject is unnecessary for the purpose of passing a school examination.  
The right and relevant reading material channels students towards mature thinking and cultivates their aesthetic and moral values. They enter adult life with certain pronounced interests in art. literature, drama, music philosophy. 
 In addition the college library provides them with the necessary information about requirements for higher education or the careers they wish to choose, thus preparing them for an easy passage from college to adult life.  
fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffIn view of these valuable benefits derived from the college library, it has been referred to as a ‘‘fountain of inspiration and discovery”.
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College liberaries

College liberaries Outlines 1-Introduction. 2-Libraries afford 3-opportunities to form reading habits. 4-Help to develop initiat...

If I become principal of our college

Abdullah 0 essay Saturday, August 16, 2014

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If I become principal of our college </h2>
OUTLINES  
1-Introduction.  
2-Appointment of the teachers.  
3-Discipline and cleanliness.  
4-Sports, games and co-curricular activities.  
5-Conclusion.  
1 have my own view's about becoming the Principal of my college. I feel that the principal of the college should also be elected
from amongst the students. When we live in a democracy why should we den)' this right to the students? There should be a students’ council elected by the students themselves. Every class should send its own representative. . 
These class-representatives should form a Parliament. The Principal should be responsible to them. The students are never consulted in the appointment of the teachers. I shall ask a candidate to teach the class and the students will obverse his lesson. Only those teachers, who can satisfy the students, will be selected.  
The students will look after the discipline and cleanliness in the college themselves. They will punish the late comcis and tell their parents to send them in time. One student from each class will be on duty'. He will check the cleanliness of the students. He will also see. to it that no one roams about the corridors.  
Another will be on duty in the reception hall. He will attend to the visitors and the telephone calls.
There will be very few teaching periods.  
They will end before the recess. The students will take pail in games, sports-and co-curricular activities. They will make more use of the library. In
fact, the teachers will guide them only in removing their difficulties.  
They will inspire us to read new books.
There will be no physical punishment. If a student miss- behaves, he will be suspended from the games and other activity periods.
The clubs and societies will not be mere show-pieces for the visitors.  
They will function actively and lay stress on self-learning. Each and every student will have, to take part in drama and group songs. I shall lay stress on manual labour.  
Each student will have to work in the garden or the workshop. The students will earn while they learn.
No teacher will be allowed to take up tuitions.  
If any student needs help, he will be guided during the college hours.
I got this chance last year only for one day. The students managed the college themselves on the children’s day. i.e. 14th November and I was made the Principal.
I wish to get this opportunity once again and that too permanently.
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If I become principal of our college

If I become principal of our college OUTLINES 1-Introduction. 2-Appointment of the teachers. 3-Discipline and cleanliness. 4-Sp...

A day before examination

Abdullah 0 essay Saturday, August 16, 2014

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A DAY BEFORE AN EXAMINATION </h2>
OUTLINES  
1-Introduction.  
2-Preparation of examination.  
3-Examinees are helped by all.  
4-Night before an examination is very important.  
5- Conclusion.  
A day before an examination is interesting in many ways .On this day the examinees are in some particular mood. Most of the examinees' heart throb,Everyone is in a state of uncertainty as to
what would come in the examination, which everyone tries his best to prepare himself as one can.  
The candidates for the examination put heart and soul in their studies. They prepare the subject in which they are to take test the next day. Preparing the questions, notes and points of important questions is the work of all the examinees. A bundle of books are read by the examinees in order to get good marks in the examination, but even then, they are not so sure about their success.  
The parents of the examinees take care of them. Every one wishes success for them in the examination. Examinees are helped by all; everything is given ready made to them, so that, their time may not be wasted. 
 During the night before the examination, much care is taken. They revise their courses and try to recollect the questions. They also make guesses. They study very carefully that night. They do not study up till late in the night because they want to have complete sleep, otherwise they may get confused in the examination hall.
Examinees who care too much for their examination look upon everything with contempt.  
They do not like to eat anything, see any thing or hear anything. Their, minds become weary. To them, everything bears a sad look because they think of examination only.
The examinees also set their paraphernalia of examination in order: a pen, an inkpot and other necessary items are put’in order.  
When they' go to sleep at night, they set the alarm, so that they may get up at right time and make the necessary preparation.
Thus, a day before an examination is a day not of elevated spirits and delightful mood but it is a day when the mind remains disturbed and one does not feel like enjoying or taking pleasure. 
 A melancholy mood prevails upon them.
No one in this world likes to be examined. Even Christ said “Do not put me to test”. It is this thing which makes the examinees a little sad. however, intelligent they may be.
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A day before examination

A DAY BEFORE AN EXAMINATION OUTLINES 1-Introduction. 2-Preparation of examination. 3-Examinees are helped by all. 4-Night befo...

Prize distribution in college

Abdullah 0 essay Saturday, August 16, 2014

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Prize distribution in college </h2>
Outlines  
Introduction.  
1-Preparation.  
2-Chief guest.  
3-The visitors.  
4-Speech of the principal.  
5-Cultural program.  
6-Distribution of prizes by chief guest.  
Prize Distribution Function is important in the life of a college. It comes only' once in a year. This generates new enthusiasm in the college. A strong link is established with the public. This function is really very attractive.
Like other years, this year also the function attracted hall- packed audience consisting of parents and invitees. The prize giving function of the college was held on the 15th January.  
The Director of Education was invited to grace the occasion as the chief guest. The preparations for the function started a month earlier. The college building was white washed. The college hall, where the function was to be held, was beautifully decorated with pictures and charts.  
On the appointed day. a beautiful table and certain chairs were placed on the stage. The carpets were spread to seat the students and in the rest of the hall, chairs were arranged. The front rows were reserved for the teachers and invitees. The function was to start at 10 A.M. By 9.30 A.M. the hall was jam-packed with the audience.  
The visitors were very much impressed by the arrangements which the students had made. In one comer, there was a table, where the prizes and trophies were arranged. Now all of us were eagerly looking for the arrival of the chief guest.
It was in the nick of time that the Director of Education came in his car. He was accorded a warm welcome by the Principal and the senior members of the staff.  
The band was played in his honor as he entered the hall: all the students and other audience stood up as a mark of respect. The Director of Education was profusely garlanded by the Principal and by certain other senior members of the staff.  
As soon as the chief guest occupied his seat, there was pin-drop silence in the Hall. . 
The principal broke the ice by giving a brief introduction of the life-sketch of the Chief Guest. Later he read the Annual Report of the college, giving an account of the past achievements of the college.  
At the same time he requested the Chief Guest to enhance to annual grant which was quite insufficient in view of the students' inlcrcsl in manifold activities. The Principal instructed the president of the Literary Club to begin with the cultural program. Some students sang beautiful songs. “Prince and the Wood Cutter” of “Six One Act Plays”, a prescribed book, was staged.  
The participants got thunderous applause from the audience for their wonderful talents which they showed in acting. The students who took part in this play seemed to bc well-prepared. Some folk-dances added charm to it.  
The Chief Guest, who presided, gave away the prizes to the prize-winner and shook hands with them. The President delivered a short speech wherein he praised the performance of the students and encouraged, them to participate still more enthusiastically, lie also admired the sense of discipline imbibed by the students during the entire function.  
Then, the Principal got up and thanked the President for his kindness to the college.
Thus, the function came to an end with the singing of the National Anthem. The following day was declared to be a holiday by the Principal.
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Prize distribution in college

Prize distribution in college Outlines Introduction. 1-Preparation. 2-Chief guest. 3-The visitors. 4-Speech of the principal...

Farewell party

Abdullah 1 essay Friday, August 15, 2014

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FAREWELL PARTY </h2>
1-Introduction.  
2-Refreshment.  
3-Speech of the 10th class  
4-Speech from outgoing class.  
5-Principal’s Speech  
6-Feelings.  
The day when 1 was free from
 Higher Secondary examination will be remembered throughout ' my life. As ours was the outgoing class, so it was bidden farewell by class X. The Principal fixed the responsibility for making arrangements. The farewell party was given on Sunday.  
When I arrived at the school at 3 P.M. 1 saw that all arrangements were made by the host party. The school hall was beautifully decorated with charts, buntings, flowers and playcards. The main table, on which the Principal and the Inspector of Schools were to sit. was beautifully decorated with flowerpots.  
There were many chairs for the outgoing students, staff and student of class X.  
The party began at 4 P.M. For about one hour we ate to our heart's content, gossiped and laughed too much. The party came to an end at 5 P.M. The farewell function started after the party was over.  
A student of Class X. made a moving and heart-rending farewell speech in which he mentioned our long and deep association with the school as well as their class.  
His speech which was full of praise and appreciation for our outgoing class was delivered in a befitting manner. His farewell speech which was punctuated with humorous remarks and pleasantries wishing us success in our future, was totally the most touching one.  
After this speech, I on behalf of my class, thanked the host and got blessings from my teachers and worth Principal. In my speech. 1 lauded the good arrangements made by the host and accepted their good wishes and feelings for all of us. When 1 was delivering the speech. 
 I was deriving a mixed pleasure. I was feeling sad because of the separation from my old and august institution in whose lap. 1 got education and training of my mind and body. To me my school was an embodiment of knowledge and learning whose sacred atmosphere is a part of my memory. For me. this was not merely a school which imparted knowledge, but it was a eradle of culture and civilization. 
 In the end. the reverend Principal, whose association with the school is as old as the history of this school, made and impassioned speech. In his farewell message, he gave us some pieces of advice, to be followed in our future course of life. He made a fervent appeal to build our mind and character on sound lines.  
He stressed upon us to inculcate a spirit of service and sacrifice as well as of patriotism and nationalism. After his encouraging speech, the function came to an end.
We parted after taking the blessings of our teachers and good wishes of our friends.  
While going, w'e cast our longing and lingering looks at this great and noble institution in whose lap we spent the most formative period of our life and living
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Farewell party

FAREWELL PARTY 1-Introduction. 2-Refreshment. 3-Speech of the 10th class 4-Speech from outgoing class. 5-Principal’s Speech 6...

Female education

Abdullah 0 essay Friday, August 15, 2014

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FEMALE EDUCATION </h2>
OUTLINES
Introduction.  
1-Education docs not interfere with household work.  
2-Medical knowledge most useful for a mother.  
3-Education makes a woman a fit companion.  
4-Women have high intellectual ability .  
5-Conclusion. 
 It is the height of selfishness for men who fully appreciate in their own case the great advantages of a good education to deny these advantages to women. There is no valid argument by which the exclusion of the female from the privilege of education can be defended.  
It is argued that women have their domestic duties to perform, and that, if they were educated, they would bury themselves in their hooks and have little time for attending to the management of their households. Of course it is possible lor women, as it is for men. to neglect necessary work in order to spare more time for reading sensational novels.  
But women are no more liable to this temptation than men. and most women would be able to do their household work all the better for being able to refresh their minds in the intervals of leisure with a little reading.  
Nay. education would even help them in the performance of the narrowest sphere of womanly duty. The education involves knowledge of the means by which health may be preserved and improved, and enables a mother to consult such modem books as will tell her how to rear up her children into healthy men and women, and skillfully nurse them and her husband when disease attacks her household.  
Without education she will be not unlikely to listen with fatal results to the advice of superstitious quacks, who pretend to work wonders by charms and magic. But according to a higher conception of woman's sphere, woman ought to be something more than a household drudge.  
She ought to be able not merely to nurse her husband in sickness, but also her companion in health. For this part of her wifely duty education is necessary. There cannot well be congenial companionship between an educated man and an uneducated wife, who converse with her husband on no higher subjects than cookery .Also one of a mother's highest duties is the education of her children at the time when their mind is most amenable to instruction.  
A child's whole future life, to a large extent, depends on the teaching it receives in early childhood, and it is needless to say that this first foundation of education cannot be well laid by an ignorant mother. On all these grounds female education is a vital necessity.
But it is sometimes urged that the intellect of women is so weak as to be incapable of receiving and benefiting by any but the lowest form of education.  
Such an assertion could hardly be made by any one who considers for a moment the instances afforded by history of women who have shown conspicuous ability in statesmanship, literature, science, and art.  
The list of women who have by their intellectual power won for themselves an eminent position in history is a long one. and would he still longer if in the past they had enjoyed the same educational advantages as were given to men.
I he only real danger to be apprehended from female education arises from an imperfect views of the scope of education. 
 If education is confined to mere book learning, there is a danger that women may. from physical weakness, succumb to the intellectual strain put upon them in their studies at college and college.  
The remedy for this is to remember that physical training is an essential part of education, and to allow women the opportunity of
strengthening their physical powers by regular exercise, especially by exercise in the open air. so that they have the good health necessary for the profitable prosecution of their studies
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Female education

FEMALE EDUCATION OUTLINES Introduction. 1-Education docs not interfere with household work. 2-Medical knowledge most useful for a ...

Old papers:Ninth 2009:,English

Abdullah 0 Ninth English, old papers Thursday, August 14, 2014

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OLd papers</h2>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0BiGzzTOIyswrK_b40Cu3Jj5S3YVIzgJ6EoS812Y17y-AsWMGj_xQfG4y0XT7WccXN3NSIRd5lpgtPOM3iSJnxSR2sxXlOCKuYktJq8zwON0aX80tdHD_dQTP95t85DVgIkcdwanoNjo/s1600/board.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="207" loading="lazy" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0BiGzzTOIyswrK_b40Cu3Jj5S3YVIzgJ6EoS812Y17y-AsWMGj_xQfG4y0XT7WccXN3NSIRd5lpgtPOM3iSJnxSR2sxXlOCKuYktJq8zwON0aX80tdHD_dQTP95t85DVgIkcdwanoNjo/s1600-rw/board.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lahore board</td></tr>
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 Ninth Lahore Board 2009                       
English (Compulsory) Paper: I (Objective Type)                                
Time: 20 Minutes Max.Marks:19
                       Group-I</h3>
 
  Q:I. 
(a) Fill in the blanks with suitable forms of verb:             5  
i) Hastc ……….. waste. (make)  
ii) If it………… we shall not go out. (rain)  
iii) Let us…………. our work. (finish)  
iv) I ……… a letter yesterday (not write)  
v) The patient………….when the doctor came. (die)  
Complete the following words providing missing letter:          5  
(i) t......inkle (ii) s.......retch (iii) Pers....ade (iv) tem…..t  
(v) her…..tage  
(b)  
Tick {/) mark the correct sentence:                                           5  
(i)  
(a) Was who the in garden?  
b) The who was garden in?  
© Who was in the garden?  
d)Who in the was garden?  
ii)  
(a) Old man am I  not an.  
(b) I am an not old man.  
© I am an old man not.  
(d) I am not an old man.  
iii)  
(a) All were mangoes the not sour.  
(b) All the mangoes were not sour  
© All mangocs the were not sour.  
(d) All the were mangoes not sour.  
iv)  
(a) The Top was high of the hill.  
(b) The top the hill of was high  
© The of top the hill was high.  
(d) The top of the hill was limb  
v)  
(a) Beggar the was not lame  
(b) The beggar was not lame  
© The was beggar not lame  
(d) The beggar not was lame  
(c) 
Read these sentences carefully and write T/F in the box against each sentence:                                                     4  
(i) E-mail has created distance. 
(ii) Inland means not in the country  
(iii) Bees do not live in groups.  
iv)Honey bees live in hives  
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                           Ninth Lahore Board 2009              </h3>
English (Compulsory) Paper: I                         (Subjective Type)   
Time: 2 Hrs                                                 Max. Marks: 56  
                                        (Group- I)  
Note: All questions are to be attempted on the answer book.  
                                        Section - 1  
Q:2 
Write any five of the following questions:                        10  
(i) Who is a reformer ?  
(ii) What was the condition of women before the advent of Islam?
(iii) Why and where did the king send his son?  
(iv) Had the prince discerned every sound already ?  
(v)What is self-employment ?  
(vi) What do games teach us?  
(vii) How docs water pollution take place?  
(viii) What do bee workers do?  
                                         Section - II  
Q:3 
Translate the following paragraph into urdu                7  
For days and nights, the young prince sat alone in the forest listening to the sounds more attentively. But he heard no sounds other than those he had already heard. Then, one morning, as the prince sat silently beneath the trees, he started to discern faint sounds unlike those he had ever heard before.  
                                            OR  
 
Rewrite the above paragraph into simple English.  
Q:4  
 Write down the summary of the poem ’Truth -
the Best”.      5  
                                             OR  
Paraphrase the following .stanza into simple English;  
Write me as one that loves His fellow men.  
The angel wrote and vanished.  
The next night.
It came again with a great wakening'light.  
And showed the names whom love of God had blest.  
And Lo! Ben Adhcrn’s name led all the rest.  
Q:5 
Use any FIVE of the following words/idioms in
your own sentences:                                                         5  
valour, peace . rural , mistake , dignity . get up . decorate . permanent  
Q:6 
Write a letter to your father requesting him to 
send you some <a href="http://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2013/12/examination-request-to-increase-monthly.html" target="_blank">extra funds</a> and payments of hostel dues.                       10  
                                                  OR 
Write a story with the Moral result "<a href="http://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2014/01/the-boy-who-cried-wolf.html" target="_blank">Once a liar always a liar’</a>.  
 
                                                  OR 
Write a dialogue between a teacher and a student.               10  
Q:7  
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given at the end:                                                                10  
Early rising is a good habit as it gives us an early start of our day's work. We gain time while the late risers are asleep. The early risers have another advantage also and that is they enjoy good and sound health. Those who are out of bed early have plenty of time to do their work carefully, steadily and completely They do not have to pul off anything to the next day. The early riser is always happy, fresh and smart. He enjoys his work while those who get up late find their duty dull and dry and do it unwillingly. Early rising is therefore, a key to success in life.  
Questions:  
(i) What kind of habit early rising is?  
(ii) Why can an early riser do more work than
the late riser?  
(iii) Why does an early riser enjoy good health?  
(iv) Why does a late riser find his work dull and
dry?  
(v) What is the key to success?  
Q:8.  
Translate any FIVE of the following sentences into English: 5 
 
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Exclusively for candidates whose Medium of Examination is English 
(Question – 8 Alternative to urdu Translation)  
Write TEN sentences ahout Basant.                         5  
1. Change the voice of the following;                            4  
(i) They played football.  
(ii) She reads a novel.  
(iii) I was wriling a drama.  
(iv.) I.et the orphan be loved.

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Old papers:Ninth 2009:,English

OLd papers Lahore board Ninth Lahore Board 2009 English (Compulsory) Paper: I (Objective Type...

Old papers:Ninth 2008,English

Abdullah 0 Ninth English, old papers Sunday, August 10, 2014

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Ninth Lahore Board 2008                       
English (Compulsory) Paper: I (Objective Type)                                
Time: 20 Minutes Max.Marks:19
                       Group-I  
Note: Use this paper to write the answers to the objective questions. No mark, will be awarded for cutting, over-writing or using a pencil. The paper must be tagged with the answers-book.  
 l. (a) Fill in the blanks with suitable forms of verb:               (5)  
(i) It ……………. at present, (rain)  
(ii) She…………… since morning, (sleep)  
(iii) She…………….. her work before the guests arrived.
(finish)
(iv) I…………..for you at the usual time, (wait)  
(v) He…………..to my letter, (not reply)  
(b) Complete the following words by providing missing letter: (5)  
(i) Obi…… gation  (ii) sav… gc  (iii) flex……. ble (iv) pol…l n 
(v) ch… nncl  
© Tick (/) mark the correct answer
(a)Their home task the boys  
    are doing.  
(b)The boys are doing their home task  
(c) Are their home task the boys doing.  
ii- (a) They workhard all day.  
(b) All day they work hard  
© work hard they all day.  
(d)Hard work they all day.  
iii-(a) We do ourselves our work.  
(b) Our workwe do ourselves.  
© We do our work ourselves.  
(d) Ourselves we do our work.  
iv- (a) The station late Akram will not.  
(b)Akram will not reach the station late.  
© Akram will reach the station not late.  
(d)Akram will not late reach the station.  
v-(a) Told us a strange story the grandmother. 
 (b)A strange story the grandmother us told.  
©A strange story told us the grandmother.  
(d)The grandmother told us a strange story.  
(e) Read these sentences carefully and write T/F in the
box against    each sentence:                                                           (4)  
(I)The Muslims follow the Solar Calendar. (F)  
(ii)  Hazrat Abdullah (R.A.) was allowed to show (F) off his wealth.
(iii) Doctors fly areoplanes. (F)  
(iv)The sweet juicy cake brings good luck. (F)
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Old papers:Ninth 2008,English

Ninth Lahore Board 2008 English (Compulsory) Paper: I (Objective Type) Time: 20 Min...

solved assighnments:compulsory English-1423,aiou-spring 2014-1st

Abdullah 0 aiou, solved assignments Saturday, August 09, 2014

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Compulsory English I                                      code No: 1423   BA/BS                                                                   Spring 2014  
                                    Assignment No:1 
Q.l  
In Unit 1. Section B you read about simple present tense and its use to express habitual actions, repeated action, feelings and thoughts. Study page 20 and then make ten sentences (facts, habits, repeated actions, events thoughts) on the following topic: 
 Sports in Pakistan  
1- Sports are very popular in Pakistan. (Fact)  
2- Cricket, hockey, football are the popular games in Pakistan. (Fact)  
3- Pakistanis like the cricket most. (Feeling)  
4- National championships are held every year. (Fact, event,   
    repeated action)  
5- Cricket is so much popular that many cricket lovers are on leave  
when Pakistan cricket team is playing any where in the world.  
    (Habit, fact)  
6- Some Pakistanis have views that hockey is not being paid attention like cricket. (Thought)  
7-Pakistan has produced world level players. (Fact)  
8-Pakistan has been hosting events like world cup, Asia cup etc. (Fact,
event)  
9- Some prominent organizations hold mega sports events every year. (Repeated action)  
10- In spite of all this perhaps the sports are not being taken serious as they should be.(Though)  
Q.2  
Study Section D (Writing Connected Sentences) of Unit 1 and then make sentences according to the following instructions:             (15)  
A-Five simple sentences each with a single subject and a single verb
Example: Children are playing  
1-Aslam is eating.  
2-They are running.  
3- I was sleeping.  
4-Hina is weeping.  
5-Mother is washing.  
B-Five compound sentences each with two subjects and a single verb.  
Example: Nisar and Sami play together.  
1-Saima and Taria drove to school. 
 2-Ali and Hamza play football every afternoon.  
3-Tide and time waits for no man.  
4- Aimal and Akmal ride their bike to the beach.  
5- You and am took the furniture out of garage.  
C-Five complex sentences each with a single subject and two verbs.  
Example: Children smiled and waved at us  
1-The teacher rambled and stuttered.  
2-He hurt the ball and ran the bases.  
3-I drank Coke and ate pizza.  
4- The wind had fallen but was rising quickly by late afternoon.  
5-Gull circled overhead or floated on the water.  
Q.3  
In Unit 2 Section A, you learned about Seeking Confirmation through using tags. On page 48 sentences with tags are given. You have to make 10 such sentences with tags.                          (10)  
Example  
Positive statement :   It is my laptop,  
Negative statement:   It wasn't my fault,  
negative tag:           isn't it?  
positive tag:            was it?  
i. Tahir is an accountant, isn't he? 
ii. I am a good worker, am I not?  
iii. Arifa is not a teacher, is she?  
iv. Kamran is a doctof, isn't he?  
v. Jawad and Ali are studnts, aren't they?  
vi. You are there,, aren't you?  
vii. You and I are busy right now, aren't we?  
viii. It's not windy today, is it?  
Q.4 
 In Unit 2 Section D, informal or Personal letter writing is being taught. Write an informal letter expressing thanks on receiving a birthday gift.                                                              (15)  
Examination Hall,  
A.B.C
20th April 2014.  
Dear friend,  
 How is it going? First of all, I would like to thank you for the gorgeous gift you
sent me for my birthday. You have always been such a caring person and you never forget that date. Imagine my surprise when I came from work and noticed that your present was waiting for me at home.  
It was very lovely of you. I really appreciate the thoughtfulness and effort you put into finding me a wonderful present. You are the ultimate gift giver! It's been a while since we wrote, so I would drop you a line to bring you up to date with what's been happening here.  My life has been kind of busy with my new job as a secretary at the hospital, the organization of my sister's wedding.  
As I told you last time we chat, Sofia is j marrying in July and of course she asked me to be her wedding planner. I'm trying to be in every single detail .She is my only sister and I'm doing my best to make this day unforgettable for her.
I will send you the invitations for you and your family as soon as they are ready. 
Hope all your family could join us in this special day. I've also started an English course this summer. You know I want to improve my English before I go to visit you in London next year. I will have to practice hard to speak as well as you do. So what about you these days?  
How is life in London different from Pakistan? Have
you already accustomed to the city, the people and the English culture? Now I think it's the perfect moment to thank you for being such a good person and friend and wish you good health, success and more importantly, love in your life. Please write soon and tell me what's new in your life.  
                                With love  
                                                                                    Yours sincerely  
<div style="text-align: right;">
X.Y.Z.</div>
Q.5 
 In Unit 3 Section A, (Agreeing and Disagreeing) many ways of agreeing and disagreeing with something/someone are being taught to you. You have to make agreeing, strongly agreeing, agreeing in part, disagreeing and strongly disagreeing statements relating the given issues (five sentences for each issue):                                  (15)  
Politics in education:  
1- I am strongly against the politics in education as in fact, these activities are
getting more and more common in our educational institution and with a complete negative meaning and sense which has damaged the real purpose of institutions.  
2- The government must ban it as politics involvement has affected education so badly that students have Indulged In activities like rallies, fights, firing, propaganda against each other, shouting fruitlessly wasting their time in such stupid activities.  
3- It is alarming situation as the increasing involvement of politics in educational institutions day by day has transformed them into the root station of the political activates.  
4- I am sure that the parents whose children are indulged in political activates instead of studies are so much afraid and disappointed about their child life and future.  
5- Speaking against this issue I would say that if this political culture will continue in our educational institutions then the future of education in our country will
In danger, in order to save the future of our upcoming generations, we will eliminate political culture from our educational institutions.  
Racism in Pakistan:  
1- I strongly condemn racism in Pakistan.  
2- I totally disagree as the racism destroying the whole nation.  
3- I oppose the racism as Pakistan was achieved where everyone can live without discrimination of any race.  
4- The racism is not lawful as it is prohibited in Islam.  
5- In short racisn forces to think as the hatred of one person by another — or the belief that another person is less than human  
Co-education:  
1- Being a Muslim, I would strongly disagree about the   
    co-education.  
2- Against co-education I would justify that during puberty, both might be
not stay together.  
3- Education is a right of both boys and girls. However, they are different in the way they learn, and they have different interests and strengths, that's why I prefer to send the children to a single- school than to a co-educational one.  
4- Especially in the current scenario of free and open media and becoming early mature, it cannot be trusted on co-education.  
5- Mover, co-education is against the law of natural history. Girls and boys are temperamentally unusual from each other.  
Q.6  
In Unit 3, you have read about expressing agreements and disagreements. Listen to the recorded text 13 and then make a list of those statements which express strong agreement and strong disagreement.                                                           (10)  
Strong agreement:  
1- You're completely right that desertification is increasing.  
2- Yes there's some truth in the fact that at times the target of forestation is not what we predict.  
3- Absolutely! Desertification has become the greatest threat  
Strong disagreement:  
1- This is an absolutely incorrect statement.  
2- Rubbish! These're just rumours.  
3- Oh come on! You see changes everywhere.
 You must be joking.
Q.7 
 Unit 4 Section A is about expressing possibility and impossibility of doing something in different situations and with different degrees. We want you to write
about 15 such sentences showing possibility using might, may, could, etc. and impossibility using might not, doubtfully, unlikely, uncertain, etc.                                (15)  
1-Your purse might be in the living room. (Possibility)  
2-Cheryl may be at home, or perhaps at work, possibility  
3- Extreme rain could cause the river to flood the city, possibility  
4- You can be sure everyone clear about what had happened.  
5- It's more than likely that they will change the exam rules next year.
6-He could be better.  
7- I expect that you are tired from the trip.  
8-It is possible that he has already gone.  
9-It might not be possible to have a safe and smooth journey. (Impossibility)  
10-The painting is doubtfully ascribed to Picasso.  
11- A big city seems like an unlikely place to find wildlife.  
 12-The time of departure is still uncertain.  
13-I don't think he would join us on dinner.  
14-Akram is not likely to visit my home.  
15- Javed may not be upset. Perhaps he is tired.  
Q.8  
In Unit 4, Section B Modal Verbs are explained. You have to understand the concept of modal verbs for expressing the ability of/ inability of doing some work, necessary or obligatory action, possible or impossible situation. Make ten sentences using Modal verbs. (10)  
Ans:  
I. He can speak Chinese.  
2-She should be here by 9:00.  
3-He should not be late.  
4-They might not come to the party.  
5-It's snowing, so it must be very cold outside.  
6-I don't know where John is. He could have missed the train.  
7-This bill can't be right. £200 for two cups of coffee!  
8-She can speak six languages.  
9- My grandfather could play golf very well.  
10-I can't drive.  
11-Children must do their homework.  
12-We have to wear a uniform at work.  
13-You should stop smoking.  
14-John will always be late!  
15- You must stop when the traffic lights turn red  
                      Next .......<a href="http://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2014/08/solved-assighnmentscompulsory-english_18.html" target="_blank">...Assighnment No.2</a> (English compulsory)  
For preparation of exam spring 2019  study past solved papers  
                        click on this link 
                 <a href="https://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2019/09/past-old-solved-papers-aiou-all-codes.html">  solved  past papers aiou</a> 
 
   AUTUMN 2019 

For other solved assignments click on this link                         
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solved assighnments:compulsory English-1423,aiou-spring 2014-1st

Solved Assignments AIOU Compulsory English I code No: 1423 BA/BS ...

solved Assighnments: Basic of ICT -1431-spring 2014

Abdullah 11 solved assignments Friday, August 08, 2014

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                                 Assighnment No.1 
code:    1431                                                               B.A,BS 
Q: No. 1  
Define the term Computer. Also describe basic five operation perform by the
computer.  
Defination:
“ computers are electronic devices that accept data (input), process that data, produces output, and then store (storage) the results.”  
<h3>
First computer(ENIAC)” </h3>
The first computer was called the ENIAC, which was built during World War II (1943-1946). These early computers used vacuum tubes and were very large and only found in businesses, Universities, or governments. Later, computers began utilizing transistors as well as smaller and cheaper parts that allowed the common person to own their own computer. 
This history of computers and related topics can be found on our history page.
A computer system is an interconnected system of components that transmit electronic information between them to accomplish a task given to the computer. Computer systems require several critical components to function, all of equal importance.  
<h3>
Hardware component of computer: </h3>
The hardware components of the computer are the parts you can see and touch.  
<h3>
Software component of computer: </h3>
 The software components consist of electronic data and programs that give the hardware directions for functioning properly. computers help make jobs that used to be complicated much simpler. For example, a user can write letters in a word processor and edit any portion of the letter anytime, spell check the letter, and move text from another document into the letter, etc. This is just one of the millions of different things a computer is capable of doing.
Basic operations performed by computer system :  
<h3>
1 - Input unit: </h3>
Input unit links the external environment with the computer system. Data and instruction must be entered to the computer before performing any competition. Data or instructions can be entered through input devices, eg. Key board, or any other input devices. Input unit transferred this data into binary coded.  
<h3>
Functions of input unit: </h3>
i- It accepts data or instructions from external world.  
ii- It converts these instructions and data in computer acceptable form.  
iii- It supplies the converted instruction & data to the computer for further processing.  
<h3>
(2) Storage unit </h3>
 Before actual processing start, data & instructions entered to the computer must be stored inside the computer. Similarly, results produced by the computer are required to be stored before being passed to the output unit. The intermedia! result produced by the computer must also be stored for further processing. 
<h3>
 Function of storage unit:</h3>
 i-It stores all the data to be process.  
ii-It stores intermeciial results.  
iii-It stores final result are realize an output device.  
<h3>
(3) Processing (ALU) unit: </h3>
ALU is the place where actual execution of the instructions takes places during the processing operations. All calculations & comparisons are made in the ALU.
 The data and instructions stored in the primary storage are transfered as where required. Intermedial results are also transphered back to the ALU for the final processing. After completion of processing the final results are send to storage units from ALU. 
Number of arithmetic & logical operation that a computer can perform is determined by the design to perform the four basic arithmetic operations.  
<h3>
(4) Output unit </h3>
It is just the viewers of that any input unit it provides information reasons of computation to the output of the world. Output unit links the computer with the external world.
A computer prepares results in binary code. Output unit converts these results into human acceptable forms.  
<h3>
 Functions of output unit </h3>
It accepts the result produced by the computer. 
It converts these coded results to human acceptable form.
It supplies the converted to the outside world.  
<h3>
(5) Control unit: </h3>
ALU dose not know what should be done with the data likewise, output unit dose not know when the result should be displayed. By selecting, interning and seeing to the execution of the program the CU is able to maintain order and direct the operations of the entire system CU doesn't perform any actual processing on data yet it is known as a central nervous system for the comforts of the comonter. It manages co-ordinates the entire system.  
Q No.2  
(a) Discuss the purposes of speech recognition.''
Purposes of speech recognition.''  
Its purpose is listen to and understand voice commands to perform everyday tasks.
The future of personal computing is the Apple Macintosh of today. Armed with speech recognition software, the Mac can listen to and understand voice commands to perform everyday tasks.  
<h3>
 Recognition of voice </h3>
The sound of a spoken word creates a specific pattern of sound waves on an electronic sensor device. Computer programmers are able to take those sound wave patterns and match them with their corresponding spoken words.  
For example, the spoken word "cat" produces a squiggly pattern on a sound-scope that the programmer can match to a database of words on file. When someone says "cat" into a computer microphone, the program matches the sound pattern to the word on file and prints the word "cat" on the computer screen. This is a great over simplification of the process, but it explains how computers can "understand" what you say.  
<h3>
Teach: </h3>
 All modern Voice Recognition software titles "teach" your computer how to recognize your voice patterns. A tutoring stage is built into the initial installation process so that the computer can learn your manner of saying the word "cat." We all have different accents and manners of speech; this painstaking training time helps the computer software translate your speech into correctly spelled and interpreted words on the screen. 
 Therefore, when you first
inch across. The most common sizes are the 3.5-inch desktop drive and the 2.5-inch laptop
drive.
Measuring of Space
Space on hard drives is measured in bytes. Modern drives are measured in gigabytes or terabytes, while older drives were measured in megabytes.  
A megabyte is 1,024 bytes, a gigabyte 1,024 megabytes (1,048,576 bytes) and a terabyte is 1,024 gigabytes (1,073,741,824 bytes). .
Speed
Faster drives mean faster processing. A drive running at 5,200 RPM is standard. If you pay a little more, you can get 7,200 RPM. If you have a server and-'need real speed, you can pay more and get 10,000 to 15,000 RPM.  
Q:No 3 
<div style="text-align: left;">
Q: Write down the Advantages and disadvantages of "Information and
Communication technology</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">

 Advantages and disadvantages of "Information and
Communication Technology" </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Information
 Communication Technology (ICT)
“Information Communication Technology (ICT) is a term that describes 
types of technology that are used specifically for communications.”
 It is like Information Technology, but ICT focuses more on technologies
 that deal with communication, like cell phones, the Internet and 
wireless networks, among other things.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
 Because
 of the convergence of the two technologies in the sense that we 
increasingly use digital data to communicate, a new term has been 
coined: information and communication technology (ITC). Today we use 
computers to call, each other and telephones to process data and send 
emails. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Usage of ICT </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
The
 field of Information Communication Technology has taken off in the last
 decade. Developed countries have a higher use of ICT, but developing 
countries have made significant increases in use over the last five 
years.
At the end of 2008, the world had more than 4 billion mobile phone 
users, and close to one- fourth of the world's population had access to 
the Internet. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Utilitarian Objectives </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
One
 of the main aims of ICT is to help students to become competent and 
confident users who can use the basic knowledge and skills acquired to 
assist them in their daily lives. It is also supposed to prepare 
students for the world of tomorrow. It aims to help learners to have an 
open and flexible mind. This will help them to adjust to the inevitable 
future changes. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Social Aims of ICT</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
 It
 aims to equip learners with the appropriate social skills required to 
cooperate with fellow ICT learners for a more productive learning 
experience. It enpowers students who are unable to use this technology 
outside the school premises by ensuring sufficient access to those 
students. Through this, it will also ensure equity among all learners, 
as they will all have the same opportunities to use the ICT facilities 
in school.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
 Another
 social objective of ICT is to facilitate good communication between the
 students, thus promoting better social understanding.
ICT aims to assist students to appreciate the beauty and diversity of 
culture. It also aims to help students become well-cultured citizens of 
the modern world. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
It
 achieves this as it facilitates the discovery and appreciation of 
various cultural heritages of different countries around the world.
Personal Objectives
ICT aims to assist students to grow personally by facilitating different
 methods of learning. Distance-learning programs are now provided by 
most colleges and universities. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Many
 people are using these programs to get degrees that they would not have
 been able to receive without ICT. It also aims to allow the public to 
easily access the necessary information over the Internet.
Regulations
Americans enjoys relative freedom in the use of ICT, but other 
governments are struggling to regulate its use. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Most
 recently, governments in the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia 
decided to block features on Blackberry smart phones, which allow 
citizens to access the Internet without regulation. Starting Oct. 11, 
2010, users will not be able to access email or the Internet through 
their BlackBerrys.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">

 Information Technology </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Information
 technology refers to devices (hardware) and algorithms or programs 
(software) used to store, retrieve and process data. In simple terms, it
 refers to all computer applications and devices.
Communication Technology
In the modern sense of the term, communication technology includes 
electronic systems used for communication between individuals or groups 
not physically present at the same location. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
It
 is about ways people can talk or write to each other and exchange 
messages, pictures or sounds.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has a major impact on 
business operations. Companies are able to utilize ICT to manage 
business operations from accounting to advertisement. With the rapid 
development of ICT, it is now possible to conduct more business 
transactions at a minimal cost compared to the previous era where ICT 
development was minimal.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
 Business
 operators and the ICT department are now able to become innovative and 
discover new ways to make Information and Communication technology work 
for them.
Information and communications technology refers to a vast network of 
computer terminals, fiber optic cables and server equipment that collect
 and present data. Stock market investors are familiar with the stock 
ticker, which streams stock price quotes between exchange trading floors
 and numerous data points across the globe. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Media
 outlets, such as CNN and Bloomberg, present and analyze statistical 
information daily.
Features
Communications technology lowers expenses and improves liquidity for the
 overall market. Liquidity is synonymous with one’s ability to raise 
cash on demand. For example, stock traders place sell orders with 
information technology to quickly receive cash for their investments. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Online
 trading enables smaller investors to bypass expensive financial 
advisers
and coordinate their own trading strategies. Meanwhile, consumers search
 online for low- priced goods and read reviews to evaluate the quality 
of big-ticket items.
Warning
Criminals may exploit information technology to steal your identity and 
execute unauthorized money transfers and purchases. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Because of this it's important to install antivirus software on your computers to protect personal information. </div>
Q No. 4. Explain the difference between "ICT" and 
"Telecommunication". 
 IT and ICT are often used interchangeably by those in the computer industry, but these terms are different in definition.  
IT stands for Information Technology and ICT stands for Information Communication Technology. These are very closely related, but the terms signify two different areas of study or industry. Most simply put, ICT falls under the IT umbrella and refers to the specific area of IT that has to do with communications.
IT
IT is the abbreviation for Information Technology, and is used within texts to be concise. IT refers to the entire information domain, which includes the hardware, software, peripherals, and networking.  
An item falls under the IT umbrella when it is used for the purposes of storing, protecting, retrieving, and processing data electronically. This is a vast field with many different subspecialties, including networking, communications, and software engineering. IT is an important aspect for businesses and the academic community.  
ICT 
ICT is the abbreviation for Information Communication Technology. The term is used mostly within the academic arena to refer to the branch of IT related to digital devices that are used to communicate or interact with digital information. ICT also draws in telephony and media broadcasting. This term is used to describe a very specific area of IT and is more specific than the general idea of networking.  
<h3>
Training Organizations </h3>
Training organizations range from vocational or technical schools at the high school or post- high school level, to a commercial business's internal training for personnel, to computer company or software developer's field trainers who provide on-site training on technology systems, to government-funded training programs, such as those geared to building job- related and work search skills and private. ICT training companies.  
<h3>
Best Practices for ICT</h3>
 Best practices for ICT policies in training organizations involve matching learner needs as closely as possible to available resources, such as budget and personnel. For example, a job training center may have an ICT policy of continuously building ICT training resources or core skills such as teamwork and problem solving. 
 ICT in Health sector
Improving the health of individuals and communities, and strengthening health systems, disease detection and prevention are crucial to development and poverty reduction. ICT has the potential to impact almost every aspect of the health sector. In public health, information management and communication processes are pivotal, and are facilitated or limited by available ICT. ' |
ICT has the potential to impact upon almost every aspect of the health sector.  
In public health, information management and communication processes are pivotal, and are facilitated or limited by the available information and communication technology. In addition, beyond the formal health sector, the ability of impoverished communities to access services and engage with and demand a health sector that responds to their priorities and needs, is importantly influenced by wider information and communication processes, mediated by ICT.
IT vs ICT
The difference between IT and ICT is the concepts that the terms cover. ICT is simply a specific area of IT. 
 The concepts covered within ICT are part of the IT industry but not all IT concepts are covered by the term ICT. It is important to remember this when using the terms both professionally and academically, especially when referring to specific concepts that may fall under one term but not the other.
Industry
Within the information industry, the terms ICT and IT are often used interchangeably. However, the definition of ICT is becoming more specific as the industry moves forward. 
 It is important to know if the term is being used correctly, as the entire context of an article or text could be skewed. The definition of ICT will continue to grow with the industry, as new forms of communications are studied and developed.
his idea can be generally supported by another opinion on the differences between IT and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by e.How contributor Lindsey Mason who generally states in her post that, "IT refers to the entire information domain, which includes the hardware, software, peripherals and networking. An item falls under the IT umbrella when it is used for the purpose of storing, protecting, retrieving, and processing data electronically.
Q no 5.write the short notes on the following topics.  
<h3>
 Multimedia Projector </h3>
A multimedia projector is a compact, high resolution, .full-color projector capable of projecting text, images, video and audio content. Typically the projector will feature inputs for a computer, DVD player, VCR, CD player and storage device.  
Use
Multimedia projectors are used frequently in classrooms, offices and gatherings at which multimedia presentations are made. In a film class, for example, the teacher can integrate select video sequences into a slide show of note pages. 
 In a marketing meeting, a presenter could alternate seamlessly between spreadsheets, animated ad content and live feeds from social media sites.
Synonyms
Multimedia projectors are also referred to as data projectors, digital projectors and data/video projectors. These names can apply to both portable and ceiling-mounted units provided that they can project computer output.  
Examples:
i he Epson 55 2000 Lumen 3LCD Multimedia Projector is a portable LCD unit weighing just under 6 lbs. As of 2010, the unit can be purchased new for as little as $589. The Optoma DS317 2.600 Lumen SVGA DLP Multimedia Projector is another portable design, with a weight of 9 lbs. and a list price of $449.99, as of 2010. 
<h3>
 Electronic mail </h3>
(Email)
Electronic mail, or email, has become one of the most popular forms of communication. Not only does email save time and money, it can also be a great tool for personal as well as business communications. A basic email message is made up of seven parts.
Recipient's Address

The first thing you need to enter when composing an email is the recipient's address.  
This is entered before you compose the body of the email. This field is usually found in one of the spaces above the message.  
An example of an email address is: johndoe@email.com. When sending a message to multiple recipients be sure to separate all addresses with a comma.  
<h3>
Cc and Bcc </h3>
Another option when sending a message to multiple recipients is to use the Cc, or carbon copy, and Bcc, blind carbon copy fields. When using the Cc feature, all recipients can see the email addresses of everyone the message was sent to. If you want your communication to be more private, choose the Bcc and the identities of the other recipients will not be shown.  
<h3>
Date and Time Stamp </h3>
The date and time an email was sent is usually included automatically somewhere in the message.
Subject Line
The subject line is the first part of your email that the recipient will see. When entering the subject line be sure to include important information such as what the email is about. 
 If you are too vague or don't include any subject line at all, your message could be mistaken for spam and deleted without ever being read.
Body
The body is where you actually write the message^hat you want sent.  
Your message can be anything from a professional memo to a note to friend or family member. Try to avoid writing too much in an email and keep it limited to one screen's length. If you have a lot of information that needs to be sent include it as an attached file.  
<h3>
Attachments</h3>
 Attachments are similar to enclosures in traditional mail. If you have files that you want to share with your recipient's you can include them as attachments to the email. Use caution when opening attachments sent to you as they can contain viruses, and never open an attachment from somebody you don't know.  
<h3>
Signature </h3>
Some email systems allow you to enter a signature that will appear automatically at the bottom of every message you send. This feature is optional and can be turned off and on as needed.

A variety of devices are available that move the graphics cursor to point and draw, each with its advantages. Some point and draw devices are as follow:  
<h3>
1. Mouse:</h3>
 A mouse is an input device that actually looks a little bit like a mouse. The mouse, which has a ball on its underside, is rolled on a flat surface, usually desk on which the computer sits. Usually a mouse has two button and right button, which can perform the following functions:  
The rolling movement causes a corresponding movement on the screen. Moving the allows you to reposition the pointer, or cursor, an indicator on the screen that shows where the next interaction with the computer take place.  
The cursor can also be moved by pressing various keyboard keys. You can communicate commands to the computer by pressing a button on top of the mouse. In particular, a mouse button is often used to click on an icon, a command to the computer so clicking the icon invokes the commands. 
<h4>
 Trackball: </h4>
A variation on the mouse is the trackball. You may have used trackball to play a video game. The trackball is like an upside-down mouse, you roll the ball directly with your hand. The popularity of the trackball blast with the advent of laptop computers, when traveling users found themselves without a flat surface on which to role the traditional mouse.  
Trackballs are often built in on portable computers, but they can also be used as separate input devices with standard desktop computers. Many users prefer trackball because it requires less space when in operation.  
<h3>
Joystick: </h3>
A joystick is another cursor controlling device. Joystick look like a car's stick shift and are often used for computer games and for screen drawing and design tasks. The joysticks move the cursor in the direction the stick is pushed.
Sensitive Screen :
The two common forms of sensitive screens are light sensitive screen and touch sensitive screen. 
<h3>
 
Light pen:</h3>
 A pen is used to input data via a light sensitive screen. The light pen is similar in shape to a ball point pen. When the pen is moved across the screen, its positioned is sensed because of the light it releases. It can be used to draw images on the screen. The images can then be printed, if desired.  
The light pen can also be used to make selection from a given list of menu items. The selection is made simply by pointing the pen at the selection required and pressing the button on the pen.
Pointing device:
A touch sensitive screen uses the human hand as the input medium.  
The effect is similar to that of light pen on a light sensitive screen, except that the pointing device is now finger. A common use is the selection of items or options from a given list. When a finger touches the screen, blocks out the light emitted from that portion of the screen. The screen then determines which part of the screen is being touched, and therefore which selection is required.  
<h3>
social net working service </h3>
A social net working service is an online service. Platform and site .Online community services are sometimes considered as social net working service.
 social net working service is the grouping of individuals into specific groups like small rural communities .
social net working service works like an Online community of internet users.Depending upon
the users they share many functions of their common interest.  
                             Next.........<a href="http://educational-wealth.blogspot.com/2014/08/solved-assighnments-basic-of-ict-1431_19.html" target="_blank">Assighnment No 2 </a></div>

solved Assighnments: Basic of ICT -1431-spring 2014

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