Important Cities of the World

  Paris 

Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France.It is situated in the north of the country.It has more than 12 million inhabitants. Paris had become a walled cathedral city that was one of Europe's foremost centres of learning and the arts and the largest city in the Western world . Paris was the focal point .Today it is one of the world's leading business and cultural centres, and its influence in politics, education, entertainment, media, science, fashion and the arts all contribute to its status .

 The Paris city hosts the world headquarters of in several business districts. Well over half of France’s business deals are done in Paris. Paris is the capital of France and its largest city with a population of over two million. Paris is France’s main business and financial centre. The Paris region is also a major manufacturing region. Paris is famed for luxuries like perfume and fashion. Paris is known for restaurants like La Maree, cafes like Deux Magots and nightclubs like the Moulin Rouge. 

 Paris monuments include the Arc de Triomphe, the Eiffel Tower, Notre Dame cathedral and the Beauborg Centre. Paris gets its name from a Celtic tribe called the Parisii who lived there 2000 years ago. The Roman general Julius Caesar said the Parisii were ‘clever, inventive and given to quarrelling among themselves’. Some say this is true of Parisians today. Paris was redeveloped in the 1850s and 60s by Baron Haussman on the orders of Emperor Napoleon III. Haussman gave Paris broad, tree-lined streets called boulevards, and grand, grey, seven-storey houses.

 Tokyo 

Tokyo is the capital of Japan.Tokyo stands on the fertile eastern coastal strip of the central island, Honshu.Tokyo’s harbour is rather shallow. However, the nearby Yokohama has a good harbour. Tokyo is an old historical city.More and more industries were set up in and around the city. The shoreline of Tokyo is bustling with heavy industries like steel mills, ship-building and oil refineries. Tokyo produces machinery, textiles, articles of food and drink and numerous articles of everyday use. Tokyo is the chief centre of the country's communication system. Various parts of the city have been linked by railway lines. Besides its last railway traffic. Tokyo is also known for its mono-rail. Its track, which dangles high above loads and buildings, does not interfere with road traffic. 

 Beijing 

 Beijing is the capital of the People’s’Republic of China, the country with the biggest population in the world. Beijing stands in the north-eastern part of the country. In Beijing, winters are quite severe. For over four months, the temperature stays below, freezing point. The city is lashed by icy winds from the north-west .To avoid these winds all buildings have their doors facing the South. Inside the city stands the old city, square in shape. Each of its walls has gates facing the gates of the opposite wall. In the second sector of.the city stands, on lofty marble columns, the “'Cheat 1 People's Hall”. Its roof looks like a lotus .flower in bloom. The National Congress 1 holds its sessions in this grand hall. It has a seating capacity often thousand. The Beiilnq University, Observatory, The The third sector of the city contains suburbs and People’s Communes 1 which supply the city with vegetables, fruits, meat and milk. To the north-west of 1 this sector there are the Beijing University, the Observatory, the zoo and vast play grounds. The Beijing Library is seven hundred years old. It has over seven million books. After 1949, Beijing rapidly developed - Huge complexes prepare steel and steel goods. They produce engineering equipment, electric machines and various instruments. There are other machine-making factories as well. They prepare railway engines, cars and tractors.

 Dehli 

Delhi is the capital of Bharat. Delhi is the third biggest city of Bharat. Delhi stands on the bank of the river Jamuna. Delhi occupies a strategic position. It was the position that made it the most important city of ancient India.Delhi is an important educational centre. It has a university and several colleges. Centre of Muslim Culture: For centuries Delhi was an important centre of Muslim culture. The Qutab Minar and scores of other buildings built by Muslims still stand proudly, with the verses of the Holy Quran inscribed on their walls. Karachi Karachi is the biggest city and the most important port of Pakistan.Karachi stands on the coast of the Karachi has a natural harbour.The vast fertile plain drained by the Indus and its tributaries forms the hinter-land of Karachi. A 2500 kilometres long railway line links Karachi with the markets of the hinter-land. 

Makkah 

 Makkah is the holiest city of the Muslims of the world. Makkah is an important city of Saudi Arabia. Makkah owes its importance to the Holy Kaaba, standing in the middle of the valley. The Holy Kaaba is surrounded on all four, sides by a grand, multi-storied mosque where about 20 lakhs of people can offer prayers at a time. Makkah is located in the middle of a cup-shaped valley in the western hills. This valley lies some 70 km to the east of the Red Sea. Makkah lies on the ancient trade route that links the southern and northern parts of the country. Hills that ring the city seldom receive rarify . But when a heavy shower comes, water rushes down from all sides, causing a wild flood. Summers are very hot, mercury hovering above 45 degrees centigrade most of the time. Makkah is now a city of big modern buildings and broad highways. The city has several schools and colleges and also a university. 

Cairo

 Cairo is the capital of Egypt and one of the most important cities of the Arab World.Cairo stands on the bank of the Nile. The present city stands at the site of the fort built by Hazrat Amr-Bin-Aas. The greater part of the city lies on the eastern bank of the Nile.Cairo is an ancient city. Its population is over 64 lakhs., In the centre of the old sector of the city stands the ‘Al-Azhar’ one of the oldest universities of the world. For centuries it was one of the most important centres of Muslim learning. It has now started teaching modern sciences as well. Cairo has always been an important centre of commerce. Its handicrafts are greatly admired. More important of these are: silver ornaments, scents,,skills and carpets. Cairo is the city of major industries of Egypt which include textiles, sugar •and engineering equipment. 

Moscow 

Moscow is the capital of Russia, the biggest country of the world from the point of view of area. The city of Moscow stands in the centre of European Russia.Its population is over nine million.Through the southern sectors of the city, the Moscow River winds its course. Its bed has been deepened and it has been linked with other water ways. This has given Moscow direct link with the sea. The city has extremely severe and long winters. It remains ice-bound for almost five months a year. During winter the mean temperature is several degrees below freezing point. In summer, however, the days are long and pleasant. Moscow is famous for its historical buildings, close to the river-side.It stands the world-famous Kremlin and the church with onion-shaped domes.Parks, Grounds and Theatres . Parks and open spaces occupy almost one third of the area of Moscow. There are about 70 stadiums, more than 300 football grounds, and more than 100 parks. Numerous theaters and circuses provide amusement. Moscow State Circus enjoy world-wide fame.Deposits of coal and other minerals lie within easy reach of Moscow. This has led to the setting up of several industries around the city. Chemicals, cars, aeroplanes and other machines are manufactured on a very large scale.

 London 

 London stands on the deep estuary of the Thames, in the south-east of England. Its population is over eight million. For more than a century London was the nerve-centre of international trade and diplomacy. Important societies and museums grew up in the city. London became a city of social institutions. These institutions set up traditions and habits of thinking that are valued to this day. They include the parliamentary system of government, international trade, banking and the like.
 The eastern part of the city is its oldest part. Besides residential areas, there are located here the headquarters of international institutions handling trade and banking, like the Bank of England. Courts, newspaper offices, the Royal College of Surgeons and the London School of Economics are also located here. The western sector of the city spreads over a large area. 
It also has business centres, theaters and the museums. The famous Hyde Park also lies in the sector. The Southern Sector: In the southern sector of the city stand the Royal Palace, the Houses of Parliament and administrative offices. For almost three centuries, London was the international market for various commodities produced in the world. Even today it is one of the biggest markets for whet, cotton, jute and tea. 

New York

 New York is the biggest city of the Untied States of America. It has population of more than ten million. New York is the most important commercial and* financial centre of the world. This fact has made it the richest city on earth. The annual income of the city’s Municipal Corporation is more than the annual income of many countries. The city is a busy centre of several industries. Garment making is the most important of all. The second largest industry is printing. New York is the biggest centre of broadcasting, television and newspapers. The United Nations has its headquarters in one of the Islands of New York. The General Assembly and the Security Council hold their sessions here.

 Sydney 

 Sydney is the biggest city and an excellent port of Australia. It is the capital of South Wales, the most important State of the country from the view of both economic growth and population.According to the latest census the city has a population of four million. Buildings: Most of the houses have a single storey. Tall, modern.buildings are now appearing in the central part of the city. Sydney Harbour Bridge and the ultra­modern Opera House recently built, are among the marvels of modern architecture. Sydney is an important centre of industry and trade. The industrial plants of Sydney manufacture articles of daily use. Meat, milk and butter are tinned for purposes of.export. The shores of Sydney provide a good site for boating, swimming and surfing.

Moscow

Moscow is the largest city in the Russian Federation and capital of Russia. Moscow is Russia’s main industrial centre, with huge textile and car-making plants, like the Likhachyov.Moscow's biggest shop is Detsky Mir(childrens world).

Cathedral of St Basil

It's historic center is Red square and Kremlin,walled city-within-a-city.In the past Moscow had wooden buildings and was often burnt down ,most famously by Napoleon's troops in 1812. Moscow is snow covered from November to April eachyear,but snow-ploughs keep all themain roads clear. St peterburg is Russia's second largest city. The Cathedral of St Basil is in Red Square and is made up of eight chapels ,each one capped by a unique onion dome. A St Petersburg is an elegant city with many beautiful houses and palaces such as the famous Hermitage museum. Leningrad was dubbed 'Hero city' for its desperate defence against the Nazis from 1914 to 1944. 

Birlin

Berlin is Germany’s capital and largest city, with a population of about 3.5 million. Berlin was originally capital of Prussia, which expanded to become Germany in the 1800s. The city was wrecked by Allied bombs in World War II.After the War Berlin was left inside the new communist East Germany and split into East and West by a high wall.
 East Berlin was the capital of East Germany; the West German capital moved to Bonn. In 1989 the East German government collapsed and the Berlin Wall was torn down. East and West Germany were united in 1990 and Berlin was made capital again. and west halves of th were reunited. The Brandenburg Gate is a huge stone arch built in 1791. It now marks the boi Kurfurstendamm is a famous shopping avenue. The Hansa quarter was designed by architects in the 1950s. Since reunification many spectacular new buildings have been built in Berlin including the refurbished Reichstag designed by Norman Foster.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region on the coast of China. It comprises a peninsula and 237 islands. Hong Kong was administered by the British from 1842 until July 1 1997.6.4 million people are crowded into Hong Kong, mostly in the cities of Kowloon and Hong Kong itself. 
Hong Kong is one of the worlds most bustling, dynamic, overcrowded cities. It makes huge amounts of textiles, clothing and other goods and is also one of the worlds major financial and trading centres. 
The proposed Landmark tower in Kowloon could be 576 m tall. A Hong Kong’s streets are hectic, with its large population travelling by public transport or cars. Neon-lit advertising signs can be seen everywhere. 

Rome 

Rome is the capital of Italy, and its biggest city, with a population of almost three million.  Rome’s Vatican is the home of the Pope.  Vatican City is the smallest independent country in the world covering just 0.4 sq km. World geography Rome is known as the Eternal City because of its importance within the Roman Empire. Ancient Rome ruled much of Europe and the lands around the Mediterranean for hundreds of years as the capital of the Roman Empire. 
Ancient Rome was famously built on seven hills - the Aventine, Caelian, Capitoline, Esquiline, Palatine, Quirinal and Viminal. Rome has one of the richest collections of art treasures and historic buildings in the world. The Trevi is one of its many beautiful fountains. There are many Ancient Roman relics in Rome including the Colosseum arena and the Pantheon.
 The Vatican’s Sistine Chapel has a ceiling painted brilliantly by Michelangelo and frescoes (wall paintings) by Botticelli, Ghirlandaio and Perugino. Rome is now a major centre for film-making, publishing and tourism A St Peter’s Church is located in the Vatican city in Rome.