Economic progress (part 1)

Economic progress of a country

It depends on two main factors:
Natural Resources
Trained Manpower

Natural Resources:

Fertile soil, rainfall, rivers, seas, forests, animals, fish and mineral wealth are the gifts of nature and are called the ‘natural resources’ of a country. 

River

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trained Manpower:

These gifts of nature by themselves cannot make a country rich and powerful. Man has to learn how to put them to good use. In other words, we must develop our natural resources if we want a place of honour in the world. Pakistan is quite rich in natural resources. To develop them, we need a plentiful supply of
trained young men and women. Only trained manpower can give Pakistan large scale mechanized farming, mining, manufacturing, engineering and efficient transport. .

Major Occupations of the World:

Stock Rearing
Mining
Agriculture
Industry
Trade Stock Rearing:

Stock Rearing

means to rear cattle such as buffaloes, goats, sheep and horses etc.

Benefits of Cattle:

The animals such as buffaloes, goats, sheep and/ horses supply several basic needs of man. They supply milk, butter, meat, leather and wool. Camels and horses are used for transport.

Reasons for Stock Rearing:

People can take to stock-rearing for two reasons:
The scarcity of other resources may make stock-rearing the major occupation of the people. This is called traditional stock-rearing.
Climatic conditions may make stock-rearing a profitable means of earning foreign exchange. This is called scientific and commercial stock rearing.

Stock Rearing in Pakistan:

In Pakistan, traditional stock-rearing is done in the Sulaiman Mountain Range, area of the North Western Frontier Province, in the Cholistan area of the Punjab and in a greater part of Balochistan. Plans are under way to put stock- rearing on a scientific footing, so that it fetches a reasonable return to the people.

Stock Rearing in different areas of the world:

In the tropical and sub-tropical regions, the interiors of continents have vast stretches of dry lands. They do not have sufficient moisture for agriculture. The same is true of the cold Tundra tract, stretching towards the North Pole. Climatic conditions rule out agriculture is these areas. Grass is the only vegetation that can flourish. This naturally makes stock-rearing the chief occupation of the peqple.

Stock-Rearinq in Grasslands

:
Stock-rearing for home and foreign markets is a profitable occupation. It is an important occupation in the grasslands of the ‘Temperature Region’. Vast tracts of tall, tender grass abound in North America, South America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand.
In the central plains of Canada, the central and western part of the United States and Northern Mexico, grass grows in the open plains, on the highlands and on mountain slopes. Both rainfall and temperature favour its growth. Similar climatic conditions prevail in Argentina, Uruguay, South Brazil, eastern and South eastern parts of Australia and the greater part of New Zealand. In these
lands, stock-rearing has been developed on modern scientific lines.

Commercial Stock Rearing:

Commercial stock-rearing reaches its highest point in the southern continents i.e., South America, Australia and New Zealand. Climatic conditions favour vast pleasure-lands in the region. The needs of the home-market are limited. These factors make it profitable for these countries to raise stock and export dairy products to other countries of the world.
Argentina...An exporter of meat:
As an exporter of meat, Argentina leads the world. It meets one-third of the demand of the international market for meat. Ranches in the northern and central parts of Argentina rear cows. The southern part of the country is relatively dry. It rears sheep.
Next : economic progress part 2